General Clock Tips
It is essential that a clock is ‘Set Up’ when put into operation after a move to a new position. No matter how thoroughly a pendulum clock is overhauled, if it does not receive this final attention it may suffer loss of power and stop. All clocks leaving workshops will have been set ‘In Beat’ on a level surface. Provided that a clock is transported carefully with the pendulum removed and placed on a level surface, no adjustment may be necessary.
Siting
A mantel clock must be placed on a firm even surface. Long case or Grandfather clocks should be screwed to the wall, particularly where there is any likelihood of movement. Wall clocks should be hung on secure fixings (Not Nails). Uneven and unsound walls should be avoided.
Regulation
A number of factors can affect the timekeeping of a clock (temperature, balance etc.). No matter how well a clock may have been overhauled, final adjustment is almost always necessary. The longer the pendulum, the slower the clock will run. Most pendulums have a rating nut under or in the bob, and small adjustments should be made as necessary. Do not alter the pendulum more than once in 24 hours and remember that spring driven clocks may run slower as the spring unwinds. Keep a note of the amount of adjustment made and the resulting effect. Some clocks have pendulum suspension systems that allow regulation without moving the case. This adjustment is an arbor in the face of the clock that requires the use of a double-ended key.
Never move a clock with the pendulum attached, as this will put it out of beat, damage the delicate spring on which the pendulum is suspended and may cause expensive damage to the escapement.
Setting Up
A clock in ‘in beat’ when the intervals between ticks are even. An ‘out of beat’ clock can be heard to be ticking unevenly. Carefully fit the pendulum, wind up the clock and gently set the pendulum swinging. After a few moments check the sound of the ticking. If uneven proceed as follows:
STOP the clock so that the pendulum rests in the central position. Slowly move the pendulum from side to side, just enough until the ‘tick’ is heard. The direction that required the least movement is the direction that needs adjustment. Some movements allow this adjustment by
applying a slight pressure in the direction of least movement. If the movement is restricted by, for instance, pins protruding from the back plate. The escapement will have to be held with one hand while the crutch is moved. If there is no friction joint, then the crutch needs to be bent.
EXCEPTIONS:
WALL CLOCKS may given their final adjustment by moving the bottom of the clock case slightly to one side or the other. Some fine movements have screw-threaded beat adjusters. Some modern movements even have automatic adjustment.
ANTIQUE FRENCH CLOCKS are sometimes adjusted by slackening two screws on the back door and rotating the whole movement slightly.
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